February 25, 2025
Linguistic Inequity in Facebook Content Moderation
Yi-Ting Lien and Maya Vishwanath

Translating Facebook content from Mandarin to English using automated tools resulted in significant discrepancies in users’ perception of the content’s harmfulness. In a survey, subjects were presented objectionable (green) and neutral (blue) content in English translation and the original Mandarin and asked whether the content violated Facebook’s community guidelines.
- Automated Translation and Content Moderation: Facebook's reliance on automated translation tools for moderation of non-English content can lead to significant inaccuracies. This impacts the platform's ability to accurately judge the harmfulness of non-English content, often resulting in wrongful removal or improper oversight of problematic content.
- Disparities in Perception: The study found that English-speaking reviewers perceived the harmfulness of translated non-English content differently than native language speakers. This may create a linguistic inequity where non-Western users are disproportionately affected by Facebook's moderation practices.
- Participatory Approach Recommendation: The research suggests that Facebook incorporates a participatory content moderation approach, where local language users can contribute to moderation decisions via surveys. This aims to mitigate the inaccuracies caused by automated translations.
- Global Challenges in Content Moderation: Facebook faces challenges in moderating content in multiple languages, especially in regions like India and the Mandarin-speaking world. Automated tools and outsourced moderation practices often fail to capture local nuances, leading to further inequity.
- Survey Results: In the survey, we compared English speakers’ perceptions of translated content with Mandarin speakers' perceptions of the same content in Mandarin. There was a statistically significant difference in how the two groups viewed the permissibility of the content, highlighting the risks of relying on automated translation tools.